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Section Ⅻ UROLOGY IN INFANCY AND CHILDHOOD＆Meredith F．Campbell，M．D1863

Chapter 39 Examination and Diagnosis1863

Urologic Symptoms1865

History1870

General Examination1871

The Urologic Examination1873

Roentgenography1880

Instrumental Examination1895

Chapter 40 Urinary Obstruction1916

Hydronephrosis1920

Chapter 41 Urinary Infections1939

Chapter 42 The Male Genital Tract and the Female Urethra1977

Diseases of the Penis1977

Diseases of the Male Urethra1987

Inflammatory Disease of the Scrotum1996

Diseases of the Testicle2001

The Spermatic Cord2008

The Prostate2010

The Inguinal Lymphatics2016

Tuberculosis of the Male Reproductive Tract2016

The Female Urethra2019

Hormonal Disturbances Caused by Gonadal Disorders2023

Chapter 43 Urogenital Injuries2042

Chapter 44 Urinary Calculous Disease2056

Foreign Bodies in the Urinary Tract2066

Chapter 45 Tumors of the Urogenital Tract2068

Chapter 46 Neuromuscular Uropathy2085

Enuresis2085

Chapter 47 Urosurgery in the Young2100

Section ⅩⅢ UROLOGY IN THE FEMALE2107

Chapter 48 Urology in the Female＆Houston S．Everett，M．D，and Tiffany J．Williams，M．D2107

Confusion in Symptoms2108

The Female Urethra2109

Diseases of the Urethra2109

Urinary Stasis and Other Urologic Disorders Resulting from Gynecologic Abnormalities2123

Prolapse of the Uterus2128

Effect upon the Urinary Tract of Gynecologic Surgery2129

Urologic Complications of Irradiation Therapy2131

The Urinary Tract during Pregnancy2134

Incontinence of Urine2137

Urinary Fistulas2153

Summary2170

Points in Technique2171

Section ⅩⅣ UROLOGIC ENDOCRINOLOGY2177

Chapter 49 Urologic Endocrinology＆William F．Herbst，Jr．，M．D2177

Steroids2178

Psychochemistry2178

Congenital Anomalies2180

Simmonds＇ Disease2182

Adrenogenital Syndrome2182

Acute Infections2182

Surgical Shock2183

Clinical Aspects of the Steroids2184

Conclusion2193

Section ⅩⅤ THE PSYCHOSOMATIC APPROACH IN UROLOGY2199

Chapter 50 The Psychosomatic Approach in Urology＆O．Spurgeon English，M．D2199

The Approach to Psychosomatic Illness2201

Symptomatology Met Frequently by the Urologist2202

Treatment of Genitourinary and Sexual Problems2209

Psychologic Factors in Urologic Disorders2211

Section ⅩⅥ UROLOGIC SURGERY2223

Chapter 51 The Care of the Urological Patient Before and After Operation＆C．D．CREEVY，M．D．With a Section on Renal Failure by M．P．Reiser，M．D2223

The History2224

The Physical Examination2224

Laboratory Examinations2225

The Nutritional Status of the Patient2226

Prophylactic Use of Antibacterial Agents2240

Preparation of the Patient for Prostatic Operations2247

The Operating Room2252

Postoperative Care2253

Postoperative Complications2257

Chapter 52 Anesthesia in Urology＆E．A．Rovenstine，M．D．，and S．G．Hershey，M．D2298

Respiratory Considerations2299

Circulatory Considerations2301

Anesthesia and Renal Function2305

Characteristics of Anesthetic Drugs2306

Drugs used for Preoperative Medication2312

Techniques of Anesthesia2315

Operative Procedures2318

Chapter 53 Surgery of the Kidney＆Donald R．Smith，M．D．，John W．Schulte，M．D．，and William R．Smart，M．D2324

Choice of Incision2325

Mobilization of the Kidney2355

Nephrectomy2356

Removal of Stones2362

Hydronephrosis2372

Urinary Diversion2402

Renal Trauma2405

Renal Cysts2406

Perinephric Abscess2407

Renal Carbuncle2408

The Anomalous Kidney2408

Neophropexy2411

Renal Vascular Diseases2412

Renal Transplantation2413

Renal Hypothermia2415

Chapter 54 Surgery of the Ureter and Urinary Conduits＆Justin J．Cordonnier，M．D2419

Nephroureterectomy2419

Intubated Ureterotomy2421

Ureterolithotomy2423

Transvaginal Exposure of the Ureter2425

Ureteral Anastomosis2426

Replacement of Ureteral Defects by Ileal Segments2427

Transureteroureterostomy2431

Ureteroneocystostomy2434

Bladder Flap Operation2435

Antireflux Procedures2436

Urinary Diversion2441

Chapter 55 Surgery of the Bladder＆Meredith F．Campbell，M．D2467

Fulguration of Bladder Tumors2467

Paracentesis Vesicae2468

Trocar Cystostomy2469

Suprapubic Cystotomy2472

Perineal Cystostomy2480

Vaginal Cystotomy2480

Resection of the Bladder2481

Coagulation of Tumor through the Open Bladder2484

Resection of Atonic Bladder2485

Diverticulectomy2485

Transvesical Ureteral Meatotomy2488

Pull-Through Operation2489

Ureterocelectomy2490

Operations on the Trigone2491

Cystectomy2492

Surgical Closure of Bladder Exstrophy Combined with Iliac Osteotomy2498

Operation for Correction of Vesical Exstrophy2501

Bladder Injury2505

Operations to Correct Vesicoureteral Reflux2506

Operation for Vesical Prolapse2506

Litholapaxy (Lithotripsy)2508

Suprapubic Cystolithotomy2511

Vesical Fistulae2511

Patent Urachus and Orachus Cyst2522

Operations Upon the Vesical Outlet2523

Operations to Relieve Incontinence of Urine2526

Chapter 56 Suprapubic Prostatectomy＆Vincent J．O＇Conor，M．D．，and Vincent J．O＇Conor，Jr．，M．D2548

Operative Procedure2554

Chapter 57 Perineal Prostatectomy＆J．A．Campbell Colston，M．D2566

Perineal Prostatectomy for Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy2566

Subtotal Prostatectomy2585

Radical Perineal Prostatectomy for Early Carcinoma of Prostate2590

Chapter 58 Transurethral Prostatic Resection＆Reed M．Nesbit，M．D2611

Equipment2616

Operative Technique2621

Postoperative Management2637

Chapter 59 Retropubic Prostatectomy＆Terence Millin，M．Ch2643

Retropubic Adenectomy2644

Retropubic Prostatectomy Combined with Diverticulectomy2654

Prostatic Enlargement Associated with Vesical Tumor2656

Prostatic Enlargement Associated with Vesical Calculus2656

Fibrous Prostate or Median Bar2656

Radical Prostatectomy2658

Inferior Cystectomy2666

Prostatic Abscess2668

Congenital Valves of the Prostatic Urethra2669

Chapter 60 Surgery of the Seminal Vesicles＆Thomas E．Gibson，M．D2670

Introduction2670

Technique of Vasotomy and Vesiculography2671

Operations on the Seminal Vesicles2674

Chapter 61 Surgery of the Penis and Urethra＆John R．Hand，M．D2682

Anatomic Orientation2682

General Considerations2682

Diversion of Urine2687

Hypospadias2689

Epispadias2707

Hermaphrodism2719

Posterior Urethral Valves2724

Duplication of the Urethra2725

Injuries of the Penis2726

Strictures of the Urethra2738

Diverticula of the Urethra2750

Enlarged Prostatic Utricle2751

Urethral Fistulas2752

Benign Lesions of the Penis2759

Carcinoma of the Penis2760

Carcinoma of the Urethra2764

Circumcision2773

Peyronie＇s Disease2775

Chapter 62 Surgery of the Scrotum，Spermatic Cord，Testes and Epididymis＆Carl Aberhart，M．D2780

Surgical Treatment of the Scrotum2780

Tumors of the Scrotum2782

Radical Resection of the Inguinal Lymph Glands2782

Operations on the Testes2784

Transperitoneal Bilateral Lymphadenectomy in Testis Tumors2790