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Technical Training for Computer Professionals1

Chapter 1 Introduction to Microsoft Windows 20001

About This Chapter1

Before You Begin1

Lesson 1:Overview of Windows 20002

Editions of Windows 20002

Windows 2000 Professional2

Windows 2000 Server3

Windows 2000 Advanced Server3

Windows 2000 Datacenter Server3

Features of Windows 20004

Lesson Summary6

Lesson 2:Operating System Architecture7

Windows 2000 Architectural Overview7

User Mode8

Environment Subsystems9

Integral Subsystems10

Kernel Mode10

Windows 2000 Executive10

Hardware Abstraction Layer（HAL）12

Kernel Mode Drivers13

Lesson Summary18

Introduction to Directory Services19

Lesson3: Windows 2000 Directory Services19

Workgroups and Domains20

Windows 2000 Workgroups20

Windows 2000 Domains22

Windows 2000 Active Directory Services23

Active Directory Features23

The Active Directory Structure25

Lesson Summary33

Review34

Chapter 2 Installing and Configuring Microsoft Windows 2000 Server37

About This Chapter37

Before You Begin38

Lesson 1:Preparing to Install Windows 2000 Server39

Preparing for Installation39

Minimum Hardware Requirements42

Hardware Compatibility43

Disk Partitions44

Sizing the Installation Partition45

File Systems46

NTFS46

FAT16and FAT3247

File System Considerations48

Per-Server Licensing50

Per-Seat Licensing50

Licensing50

Workgroups and Domains51

Joining a Workgroup51

Joining a Domain52

Upgrade or New Installation53

Installation Methods53

Setup Boot Disks54

Bootable CD-ROM55

Over-the-Network（Server-Based）56

Choosing Which Components to Install57

Lesson Summary60

Windows 2000 Setup Program61

Lesson2:Installing Windows 2000 Server61

Windows 2000 Server Setup Programs61

Winnt．exe Setup Program62

Winnt32．exe Setup Program63

The Installation Process66

Pre-Copy Phase66

Text Mode67

CUI Mode67

Exercise 1:Installing Windows 2000 Server70

Lesson Summary80

Lesson 3:Upgrading to Windows 2000 Server81

Upgrading to Windows 2000 Server81

Upgrading Servers82

Upgrading a Windows NT Domain83

Planning for a Windows NT Domain Upgrade85

Preparing for a Windows NT Domain Upgrade85

Preparing to Upgrade the Domain Controller86

Upgrading the Primary Domain Controller87

Upgrading the Backup Domain Controllers87

Upgrading Member Servers89

Domain Consolidation89

Lesson Summary91

Lesson 4:Troubleshooting a Windows 2000 Server Installation92

Troubleshooting Windows 2000 Server92

Lesson Summary93

Review94

Chapter 3 Unattended Installations of Microsoft Windows 2000 Server97

About This Chapter97

Before You Begin98

Lesson 1:Preparing for an Unattended Installation of Windows 2000 Server99

Creating the Answer File99

Answer File Format100

Methods for Creating an Answer File103

Creating the Distribution Folders105

Structuring the Distribution Folder106

Exercise 1:Preparing and Running an Automated Installation109

Lesson Summary118

Performing an Unattended Installation119

Lesson 2:Automating the Installation of Windows 2000 Server119

Bootable CD-ROM120

Winnt．exe or Winnt32．exe120

Automating the Installation of Windows 2000 Server121

Using Syspart123

Using Sysprep125

Using Systems Management Server135

Using a Bootable CD-ROM136

Lesson Summary137

Lesson 3:Automating the Installation of Server Applications138

Using the Cmdlines．txt File138

Using the Answer File139

Installing Applications141

Lesson Summary143

Review144

Chapter 4 Microsoft Windows 2000 File Systems147

About This Chapter147

Before You Begin148

Lesson 1:Disk Management Basics149

Setting Up a Hard Disk149

Storage，Partition，and Volume Types149

File Systems154

Common Disk Management Tasks155

Working with Simple Volumes156

Working with Spanned Volumes157

Working with Striped Volumes158

Adding Disks159

Changing Storage Type159

Viewing and Updating Information161

Managing Disks on a Remote Computer164

Exercise 1:Configuring a Simple Disk and Converting It to a Dynamic Disk164

Lesson Summary168

Lesson 2:File Allocation Table（FAT）169

Introduction to the FAT File System169

The FAT 16 File System170

FAT32 Partition Structure173

The FAT 32 File System173

File System Limits174

Lesson Summary175

Lesson 3:NT File System（NTFS）176

Introduction to NTFS176

Features of Windows 2000177

Reparse Points177

Native Structured Storage178

Disk Quotas179

Sparse File Support179

Link Tracking and Object Identifiers180

Change Journal181

CD and DVD Support182

Structure of NTFS184

NTFS Volume Structure184

Windows 2000 Boot Sector185

Windows 2000 Master File Table and Metadata185

NTFS File Attributes186

Implementation of NTFS187

Upgrading to Windows 2000187

Multibooting Windows 2000189

NTFS Compatibility189

Lesson Summary192

Shared Folder Permissions193

Shared Folders193

Lesson 4:File System Security193

Applying Shared Folder Permissions195

Guidelines for Shared Folder Permissions196

Sharing Folders197

Requirements for Sharing Folders197

Administrative Shared Folders197

Sharing a Folder198

Modifying Shared Folders200

NTFS Permissions201

Assigning NTFS Permissions201

Guidelines for Assigning NTFS Permissions203

Configuring NTFS Permissions204

Copying and Moving Files and Folders208

Troubleshooting NTFS Permissions209

Lesson Summary210

Review211

Chapter 5 Advanced File Systems213

About This Chapter213

Before You Begin213

Lesson 1:Distributed File System214

Dfs Overview214

Limits of Dfs216

Types of Dfs Roots217

Stand-Alone Dfs Roots217

Domain Dfs Roots218

Configuring Dfs219

Configuring a Stand-Alone Dfs Root219

Configuring a Domain Dfs Root220

Configuring New Dfs Links220

Exercise 1:Creating a Dfs Root and Dfs Link222

Lesson Summary228

Lesson 2:File Replication Service229

FRS Replication229

Sites and Replication230

Knowledge Consistency Checker231

Unique Sequence Numbers232

Replicating Dfs Fault Tolerant Roots233

Replicating SYSVOL233

Implementing FRS233

Configuring FRS for Inter-Site Replication234

Lesson Summary235

Review236

Chapter 6 Active Directory Services237

About This Chapter237

Before You Begin238

Lesson 1:Overview of Active Directory Services239

Introduction to Active Directory Services239

Understanding Active Directory Concepts240

Extensible Schema241

Global Catalog242

Namespace243

Naming Conventions244

Active Directory Architecture247

Access to Active Directory Services248

Directory Service Architecture250

Lesson Summary255

Lesson 2:Planning Active Directory Implementation257

Planning a Namespace257

Internal and External Namespaces258

Defining a Namespace Architecture260

Creating the OU Structure263

Planning Organizational Units263

OU Design Guidelines264

Structure the OU Hierarchy264

Planning a Site266

Optimizing Workstation Logon Traffic268

Optimizing Directory Replication268

Lesson Summary268

Lesson 3:Implementing Active Directory Services269

The Active Directory Installation Wizard269

Adding a Domain Controller to an Existing Domain270

Creating the First Domain Controller for a New Domain270

The Shared System Volume272

The Active Directory Database272

The Database and Shared System Volume272

Domain Modes273

Mixed Mode273

Native Mode273

Exercise 1:Installing Active Directory Services274

Exercise 2:Joining Server02 to the Domain277

Exercise 3:Installing and Examining the Contents of Adminpak．msi279

Exercise 4:Changing from Stand-Alone Dfs to Domain Dfs280

Lesson Summary284

Lesson 4:Administering Active Directory Services285

Creating Organizational Units and Their Objects285

Creating Organizational Units285

Adding Objects to Organizational Units287

Exercise 5:Creating an Organizational Unit and Its Objects288

Managing Active Directory Objects290

Locating Objects290

Modifying Attribute Values and Deleting Objects293

Moving Objects294

Exercise 6:Managing Active Directory Objects294

Controlling Access to Active Directory Objects296

Managing Active Directory Permissions296

Permissions Inheritance298

Delegating Administrative Control of Objects298

Guidelines for Administering Active Directory Services300

Lesson Summary301

Review302

Chapter 7 Administering Microsoft Windows 2000 Server305

About This Chapter305

Before You Begin305

Lesson 1:Using the Microsoft Management Console306

The MMC Environment306

The MMC Window307

MMC Consoles307

Snap-Ins311

Stand-Alone Snap-Ins311

Console Options312

Extension Snap-Ins312

Author Mode313

User Mode313

Exercise 1:Navigating and Creating a Custom MMC314

Lesson Summary318

Lesson 2:Administering User Accounts319

Windows 2000 User Accounts319

Domain User Accounts319

Local User Accounts320

Built-In User Accounts320

Planning New User Accounts321

Naming Conventions321

Account Options323

Password Requirements323

Creating User Accounts324

Creating Domain User Accounts324

Exercise 2:Modifying Domain User Account Properties327

Creating Local User Accounts332

Modifying Properties for User Accounts333

The Properties Dialog Box333

Administering User Accounts338

Managing User Profiles338

Modifying User Accounts343

Creating Home Folders344

Exercise 3:Creating a Roaming Profile and Assigning a Home Folder347

Lesson Summary352

Lesson 3:Administering Group Accounts353

Implementing Groups into a Domain354

Types of Groups354

Group Scopes355

Group Membership356

Implementing Groups360

Administering Groups361

Implementing Local Groups364

Creating Local Groups364

Built-In Groups366

Built-In Global Groups366

Built-In Domain Local Groups367

Built-In Local Groups368

Built-In System Groups369

Exercise 4:Changing the Domain Mode370

Exercise 5:Creating Groups371

Lesson Summary376

Lesson 4:Administering Group Policies377

Introduction to Group Policies377

Benefits of Group Policy378

Types of Group Policies379

Group Policy Structure380

Group Policy Objects380

Group Policy Templates381

Group Policy Containers381

Applying Group Policies383

Creating a GPO383

Using the Group Policy Snap-In384

GPO Permissions388

Support for Windows 95，Windows 98，and Windows NT 4．0392

Administering Group Policies393

Managing Software Settings393

Managing Scripts395

Managing Security Settings396

Managing Administrative Templates398

Managing Folder Redirection399

Exercise 6:Creating a Group Policy Object and Setting a Policy400

Exercise 7:Modifying Software Policies403

Lesson Summary405

Review406

Chapter 8 Administering Print Services409

About This Chapter409

Before You Begin410

Lesson 1:Introduction to Windows 2000 Printing411

Terminology411

Requirements for Network Printing413

Guidelines for a Network Printing Environment414

Printing Configurations415

Lesson Summary419

Lesson 2:Setting Up Network Printers420

Installing a Local Print Device420

Installing a Network Print Device421

Sharing an Existing Printer421

Exercise 1:Installing and Configuring Print Sharing and Setting the Printer for Offline Operation422

Lesson Summary427

Lesson 3:Administering Network Printers428

Accessing Printers428

Managing Printers430

Assigning Forms to Paper Trays430

Setting a Separator Page431

Pausing，Resuming，and Canceling Documents432

Redirecting Documents to a Different Printer433

Taking Ownership of a Printer433

Managing Documents434

Pausing，Restarting，and Canceling a Document434

Setting Notification，Priority，and Printing Time435

Administering Printers from a Web Browser435

Using a Web Browser to Manage Printers436

Accessing Printers Using a Web Browser437

Setting Up a Printer Pool438

Setting Priorities Between Printers439

Troubleshooting Common Printing Problems439

Reviewing Common Printing Problems440

Lesson Summary441

Overview of Printing and Active Directory Services442

Lesson 4:Printing and Active Directory Services442

Publishing Windows 2000 Printers443

Publishing Mechanism444

Pruning Orphans445

Supporting Windows NT Printers445

Group Policy Settings446

Printer Location Tracking446

Lesson Summary446

Lesson 5:Connecting to Network Printers447

Using the Add Printer Wizard447

Client Computers Running Other Microsoft Operating Systems448

Client Computers Running Windows 2000448

Client Computers Running Windows 95，Windows 98，or Windows NT448

Using a Web Browser449

Downloading Printer Drivers450

Lesson Summary451

Review452

Chapter 9 Network Protocols and Services455

About This Chapter455

Before You Begin456

Lesson 1:Network Protocols457

Introduction to Network Protocols457

TCP/IP458

ATM458

Protocol Binding Order458

LAN Emulation460

IP over ATM460

ATM over xDSL460

ATM Access through Winsock 2．0 and Native ATM Access461

NWLink461

Setting the Frame Type462

NetBEUI463

AppleTalk463

DLC464

Lesson Summary465

IrDA465

Lesson 2:Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol466

Overview of the TCP/IP Suite466

Network Interface Layer467

Internet Layer467

Transport Layer468

Application Layer469

Configuring TCP/IP to Use a Static IP Address469

Configuring TCP/IP to Obtain an IP Address Automatically471

Using Automatic Private IP Addressing472

Disabling Automatic Private IP Addressing473

Troubleshooting TCP/IP473

Using Ipconfig474

Testing TCP/IP Connectivity474

Using Ping475

Using Ipconfig and Ping475

Exercise 1:Configuring and Testing TCP/IP476

Lesson Summary479

Lesson 3:Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Service480

Introduction to DHCP480

The DHCP Lease Process481

IP Lease Renewal and Release484

Installing and Configuring the DHCP Service485

Installing the DHCP Service486

The DHCP Snap-In486

Creating a DHCP Scope487

Authorizing the DHCP Server491

Exercise 2:Installing and Configuring the DHCP Service492

Backing Up and Restoring the DHCP Database499

Backing Up the DHCP Database499

Restoring the DHCP Database499

Lesson Summary500

Lesson 4:Windows Internet Naming Service501

Introduction to WINS501

The WINS Name Resolution Process501

Name Registration502

Name Renewal503

Name Query504

Name Release504

Implementing WINS505

WINS Server Configuration505

WINS Client Configuration505

WINS Installation506

The WINS Snap-In506

Support for Non-WINS Clients506

DHCP Server Configuration508

Exercise 3:Installing and Configuring WINS510

Lesson Summary513

Lesson 5:Domain Name System514

Introduction to DNS514

Domain Namespace515

Host Names517

Domain Naming Guidelines517

Zones517

Name Servers518

Overview of the Name Resolution Process520

Forward Lookup Query520

Name Server Caching522

Reverse Lookup Query522

Installing the DNS Service523

Configuring the DNS Service524

The DNS Snap-In524

Creating Forward Lookup Zones525

Creating Reverse Lookup Zones526

Adding Resource Records527

Configuring Dynamic DNS528

Exercise 4:Configuring the DNS Service529

Configuring a DNS Client533

Troubleshooting the DNS Service534

Monitoring the DNS Server534

Setting Logging Options535

Using Nslookup535

Lesson Summary536

Review537

About This Chapter539

Chapter 10 Routing and Remote Access Service539

Before You Begin540

Lesson 1:Introduction to the Routing and Remote Access Service541

Windows 2000 Routing and Remote Access Service541

Combining Routing and Remote Access543

LAN and WAN support544

Installation and Configuration544

Exercise 1:Enabling RRAS and Examining a Basic Configuration545

Disabling RRAS552

Authentication and Authorization552

Lesson Summary554

Unicast IP Support555

Lesson 2:Features of the Routing and Remote Access Service555

IP Multicast Support556

IPX Support557

AppleTalk558

Demand-Dial Routing558

Remote Access558

VPN Server559

RADIUS Client-Server559

SNMP MIB Support560

API Support for Third-Party Components560

Lesson Summary561

Overview of Remote Access562

Lesson 3:Remote Access562

Dial-Up Remote Access Connections563

Remote Access Client563

Remote Access Service Server563

Dial-Up Equipment and WAN Infrastructure564

Remote Access Protocols568

LAN Protocols569

Remote Access Security569

Secure User Authentication569

Mutual Authentication570

Data Encryption570

Remote Access Account Lockout571

Caller ID571

Callback571

Managing Remote Access572

Managing Users572

Managing Addresses573

Managing Access573

Managing Authentication580

Exercise 2:Configuring and Monitoring a RAS Connection582

Lesson Summary588

Lesson 4:Virtual Private Networks589

Introduction to Virtual Private Networks589

Connecting Networks over the Internet590

Connecting Computers over an Intranet590

Tunnel Maintenance and Data Transfer591

Tunneling Basics591

Tunnel Types593

VPN Protocols595

PPTP595

L2TP596

PPTP versus L2TP597

IPSec597

IP-IP599

Managing Virtual Private Networking599

Managing Users599

Managing Addresses and Name Servers599

Managing Authentication600

Managing Access600

Troubleshooting601

Connection Attempt is Rejected When it Should Be Accepted602

Connection Attempt is Accepted When it Should Be Rejected604

Unable to Reach Locations beyond the VPN Server605

Unable to Establish Tunnel606

Lesson Summary607

Lesson 5:RRAS Tools608

Routing and Remote Access Snap-In608

Net Shell Command-Line Utility609

Authentication and Accounting Logging612

Event Logging613

File Tracing614

Tracing614

Lesson Summary615

Review616

Chapter 11 Microsoft Windows 2000 Security619

About This Chapter619

Before You Begin620

Lesson 1:Public Key Infrastructure621

Security Properties621

Authentication621

Integrity621

Cryptography622

Anti-Replay622

Confidentiality622

Public Key Cryptography623

Secret Keys625

Certificates626

CA Hierarchy628

Microsoft Certificate Services628

Certificate Services Architecture629

Processing Certificate Requests632

CA Certificates634

Installing Certificate Services635

Administering Certificate Services636

Exercise 1:Installing and Configuring Certificate Services638

Lesson Summary644

Lesson 2:Public Key Technologies645

Secure Channel Authentication Package645

Smart Cards646

Smart Card Logon647

Authenticode647

Encrypting File System648

Data Protection649

Data Recovery649

Encrypted Backup and Restoration649

Fault Tolerance649

EFS Encryption650

EFS Decryption651

EFS Recovery652

Cipher Command-Line Utility653

Exercise 2:Configuring and Using File Encryption654

IP Security658

IPSec Policies658

IPSec Components659

Example of IPSec Communication660

Lesson Summary662

Lesson 3:The Kerberos Protocol in Windows 2000663

Overview of the Kerberos Protocol663

Kerberos Protocol Terms664

Features of the Kerberos Protocol666

Kerberos Authentication Process667

Kerberos Delegation669

Kerberos Logon Processes670

Local Interactive Logon670

Domain Interactive Logon671

Kerberos Public Key Support673

Lesson Summary673

Lesson 4:Security Configuration Tools674

Security Configuration And Analysis Snap-In674

Security Configuration674

Security Analysis674

Using the Security Configuration And Analysis Snap-In675

Security Templates Snap-In676

Using the Security Templates Snap-In676

Exercise 3:Creating and Using the Security Analysis And Configuration Snap-In677

Group Policy Snap-In681

Lesson Summary681

Lesson 5:Microsoft Windows 2000 Auditing682

Overview of Windows 2000 Auditing682

Using an Audit Policy682

Planning an Audit Policy683

Implementing an Audit Policy684

Configuring Auditing685

Setting an Audit Policy686

Auditing Access to Files and Folders687

Auditing Access to Active Directory Objects688

Auditing Access to Printers688

Using Event Viewer688

Windows 2000 Logs689

Viewing the Security Log689

Locating Events690

Managing Audit Logs690

Archiving Logs691

Lesson Summary691

Review692

About This Chapter693

Chapter 12 Reliability and Availability693

Before You Begin694

Lesson 1:Managing Hardware Devices and Drivers695

Hardware Overview695

Hardware Types696

Plug and Play Overview697

Installing Devices698

Uninstalling Devices700

Tools for Managing Devices and Drivers701

Add/Remove Hardware Wizard701

The Device Manager Snap-In702

Driver Signing703

Hardware Profiles705

Event Logs707

Installing Service Packs708

Service Pack Slipstreaming708

Post-Setup Installation of a Service Pack708

Lesson Summary709

Lesson 2:Backing Up Data710

Introduction to Windows Backup710

Planning Issues for Windows Backup712

Determine Which Files and Folders to Back Up712

Determine How Often to Back Up712

Determine Which Target Media to Use for Storing Backup Data712

Determine Whether to Perform Network or Local Backup Jobs713

Setting Backup Options714

Backup Types715

Backing Up Data718

Performing Preliminary Tasks718

Selecting Files and Folders to Back Up719

Specifying Backup Destination and Media Settings720

Specifying Advanced Backup Settings721

Scheduling Backup Jobs723

Exercise 1:Backing Up Files724

Lesson Summary730

Lesson 3:Implementing Disaster Protection731

Configuring an Uninterruptible Power Supply731

Testing a UPS Configuration732

Configuring Options for the UPS Service732

Implementing Disk Fault Tolerance733

RAID Implementations733

Mirrored Volumes734

RAID-5 Volumes736

Mirrored Volumes versus RAID-5 Volumes737

Implementing RAID Systems738

Lesson Summary739

Lesson 4:Recovering from a Disaster741

Repairing the Windows 2000 Installation741

Safe Mode742

Recovery Console743

Emergency Repair Disk746

Restoring Data749

Preparing to Restore Data749

Selecting Backup Sets，Files，and Folders to Restore750

Specifying Advanced Restore Settings751

Exercise 2:Restoring Data752

Recovering a Mirrored or RAID-5 Volume755

Recovering from a Mirrored Volume Failure755

Repairing a RAID-5 Volume757

Lesson Summary757

Review758

About This Chapter761

Chapter 13 Monitoring and Optimization761

Before You Begin762

Lesson 1:Disk Monitoring and OPtimization763

Check Disk763

Disk Defragmenter Snap-In764

Defragmenting Disks764

Using Disk Defragmenter Effectively766

Data Compression767

Using Compressed Files and Folders767

Compressing Files and Folders767

Selecting an Alternate Display Color for Compressed Files and Folders769

Copying and Moving Compressed Files and Folders769

Using NTFS Compression770

Disk Quotas771

Managing Disk Quotas771

Setting Disk Quotas772

Determining the Status of Disk Quotas774

Enforcing Disk Quotas774

Best Uses of Disk Quotas775

Exercise 1:Implementing Disk Quotas776

Lesson Summary778

Lesson 2:Simple Network Management Protocol Service779

Overview of SNMP779

Management Systems and Agents781

Management Information Base782

SNMP Messages783

Defining SNMP Communities785

Installing and Configuring the SNMP Service786

SNMP Service Properties787

Windows 2000 SNMP Agent Properties787

Trap Properties788

Security Properties788

Troubleshooting SNMP789

Event Viewer789

WINS Service789

IPX Addresses789

SNMP Service Files790

Lesson Summary792

Introduction to the Performance Console793

Lesson 3:Performance Console793

System Monitor Snap-In794

System Monitor Interface795

Monitoring System and Network Performance798

Disk Objects and the Diskperf Utility800

Performance Logs and Alerts Snap-In800

Performance Logs And Alerts Interface802

Lesson Summary803

Lesson 4:Network Monitor805

Overview of Network Monitor805

Capturing Frame Data807

Installing Network Monitor Tools807

Using Capture Filters808

Displaying Captured Data810

Using Display Filters811

Network Monitor Performance Issues813

Lesson Summary813

Lesson 5:Task Manager814

Overview of Task Manager814

Applications Tab815

Processes Tab815

Performance Tab817

Lesson Summary818

Review819

Chapter 14 Microsoft Windows 2000 Application Servers821

About This Chapter821

Before You Begin822

Lesson 1:Exploring Microsoft Internet Information Services 5．0 Features823

Introduction to Microsoft IIS 5．0823

Reliability and Performance823

Management826

Security836

Application Environment843

Installing IIS 5．0844

Getting Started845

Setting Up a Web Environment845

Using ASP to Manage Web Site Content850

Exercise 1:Accessing the Administration Web Site852

Lesson Summary858

Lesson 2:Administering a Web Environment859

Administering Web and FTP Sites859

Managing Sites865

Backing Up and Restoring IIS868

Managing WebDAV Publishing868

Creating a Publishing Directory870

Managing WebDAV Security870

Publishing and Managing Files874

Lesson Summary874