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出版说明1

前言1

Part 1 Fundamentals of Computers1

Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers1

1.1 Inception of Computers1

1.2 History of Computers1

目录1

1.3.1 First Generation(1940-1956):Vacuum Tubes2

1.3.2 Second Generation(1956-1963):Transistors2

1.3 The Five Generations of Computers2

1.3.3 Third Generation(1964-1971):Integrated Circuits3

1.3.4 Fourth Generation(1971-Present):Microprocessors3

1.3.5 Fifth Generation(Present and Beyond):Artificial Intelligence4

1.4 Types of Computers4

New Words and Phrases7

Compuer Terms8

Grammar 专业英语概述9

Exercises………………………………………………………………………………………1OReference Translation11

The Great ENIAC16

Reading Materials16

2.1 The Von Neumann Model of the PC18

2.2 Computer System Basics18

Chapter 2 Computer System Basics18

2.2.1 Computer Hardware19

2.2.2 Computer Software20

2.2.3 Computer Network22

Computer Terms23

Grammar英汉翻译基础23

New Words and Phrases23

Exercises24

Reference Translation25

Reading Materials29

Who Invented the Computer?29

chapter 3 Computers Architecture30

3.1 The Motherboard30

3.2 Memory31

3.2.1 RAM31

3.3 CPU32

3.2.3 PROM32

3.2.2 ROM32

3.3.1 ALU33

3.3.2 CU33

3.4 Input and Output33

3.4.1 Expansion Slot and Cards34

3.4.2 Expansion Ports and Cables34

New Words and Phrases35

Computer Terms36

Exercises37

Grammar词汇的理解与表达37

Reference Translation38

Reading Materials43

Mass Storage-Future Trends43

Chapter 4 Input and Output Devices44

4.1 Input Devices44

4.1.1 Keyboard44

4.1.2 Mouse45

4.1.3 Touch Screen46

4.1.5 Scanners47

4.1.4 Voice Recognition Devices47

4.2 Output Devices48

4.2.1 Monitors48

4.2.2 Printers48

4.3 Storage Devices49

4.3.1 Floppy Diskettes50

4.3.2 Hard Disk Drives50

4.3.3 Optical Storage Devices51

New Words and Phrases51

Grammar名词的翻译53

Computer Terms53

Exercises54

Reference Translation55

Reading Material61

Versatile Carrier of Information——CD-ROM61

Chapter 5 CPU63

5.1 Overview of CPU63

5.2 Performance Factors of CPU64

5.3 Development of CPU65

New Words and Phrases67

Computer Terms68

Grammar代词和数词的翻译69

Exercises70

Reference Translation71

Reading Materials75

The Manufacturing Process of CPU75

Chapter 6 Building a Computer77

New Words and Phrases80

Computer Terms81

Grammar词性的转换82

Exercises83

Reference Translation84

Reading Materials87

What Should Happen to the Old Computers87

Pant 2 Computers Software89

Chapter 7 Computer Software Dasics89

7.1 Computer Programs89

7.2 Computer Software and Categories90

7.2.2 Application Software91

7.3 Software Piracy91

7.2.1 System Software91

New Words and Phrases93

Computer Terms94

Grammar句子成分的转换94

Exercises95

Reference Translation96

Reading Materials99

Are Copyrights Fair?99

8.2 Subcategories of System Software101

8.1 What Is System Software?101

Chapter 8 System Software101

8.2.1 Operating SyStem102

8.2.2 Utilities102

8.2.3 Device Driver103

8.2.4 Language Translator103

8.3 Popular Operating Systems103

8.3.1 DOS103

8.3.2 Windows104

8.3.3 UNIX and Linux104

8.3.4 Mac OS105

New Words and Phrases106

Grammar增减翻译法107

Computer Terms107

Exercises109

Reference Translation109

Reading Materials114

The Personal Computer Era:Apple,DOS and Deyond114

Chapter 9 Application Software116

9.1 Document Production Software116

9.1.1 Word Processing Software116

9.1.3 Web Authoring Software117

9.1.2 Desktop Publishing Software117

9.2 Spreadsheet Software118

9.3 Database Software118

9.4 Education and Training Software119

New Words and Phrases120

Computer Terms121

Grammar被动语态的翻译121

Exercises122

Reference Translation123

Origin of Word Processing126

Reading Materials126

10.1 Computer Programming128

10.2 Algorithm128

Chapler 10 Computer Programming128

10.3 Control Structure129

10.3.1 Sequence Control129

10.3.2 Selection Control129

10.3.3 Repetition Control131

10.4 Programming Language131

10.4.2 High-level Language132

10.4.1 Low-level Language132

10.4.3 Compiled133

10.4.4 Interpreted133

10.4.5 Object-oriented133

10.4.6 Scripiing134

New Words and Phrases134

Computer Terms135

Grammar否定句的翻译136

Exercises137

Reference Translation138

Reading Materials143

History of Algorithm143

Chapter11 Software Engineering144

11.1 Software Engineering144

11.1.1 Importance of Software Engineering144

11.1.2 Current Directions for Software Engineering144

11.2 Evolution of Software Engineering146

11.3.1 Comparing Programming147

11.3 Comparing Related Fields147

11.3.2 Comparing Computer Science148

11.3.3 Comparing Traditional Engineering148

11.4 Project Lifecycle148

11.4.1 Waterfall Model149

11.4.2 Spiral Model149

11.4.3 Prototyping149

New Words and Phrases150

Computer Terms151

Grammar名词性从句的翻译152

Exercises154

Reference Translation155

Reading Materials160

Methodologies and Processes160

Part 3 Computer Application161

Chapter12 Data Communication161

12.1 What Is Data Communication161

12.2 Characteristics of Communications Channels161

12.2.1 Bandwidth161

12.2.3 Direction of Transmission162

12.2.2 Data Transfer Rate162

12.2.4 Transmission Modes:Asynchronous and Synchronous163

12.3 Communication Media163

12.3.1 Twisted-pair Cable163

12.3.2 Coaxial Cable164

12.3.3 Fiber Cable165

12.3.4 Radio and Infrared Links165

12.3.5 Microwave and Satellite Links166

12.4.4 Bluetooth167

12.4.3 GSM167

12.4.2 ADSL167

12.4.1 ISDN167

12.4 Some Popular Data Communication New Technologies167

12.4.5 CDMA168

New Words and Phrases168

Computer Terms170

Grammar定语从句的翻译171

Exercises172

Reference Translation173

Privacy Protection in Data Communication Systems179

Reading Materials179

Chapter 13 Computer Networks181

13.1 What Is a Network?181

13.2 How Does a Network Work?181

13.3 Categories of Networks182

13.3.1 Circuit Switched Networks182

13.3.2 Packet Switched Networks182

13.4 Topologies183

13.5 Protocols184

13.5.1 Physical Protocols184

13.5.2 Logical Protocols185

13.6 Network Structure186

13.7 Network Personalities186

13.7.1 Peer-to-Peer Networks186

13.7.2 Server Based Networks187

13.7.3 Client／Server Networks187

13.7.4 Servers188

New Words and Phrases188

Computer Terms189

Grammar名词性从句的翻译191

Exercises193

Reference Translation194

Reading Materials200

The Future IPv6200

Chapter14 Internet202

14.1 The Creation of the Intemet202

14.2 Today's Internet202

14.3 Internet Culture203

14.4 Internet Techonolgy203

14.4.2 Internet Service Provider204

14.4.3 Internet Address and Domain204

14.4.1 How Does Data Travel over the Internet?204

14.4.4 URL205

14.5 Connection to the Internet205

New Words and Phrases206

Computer Terms207

Grammar定语从句的翻译207

Exercises209

Reference Translation209

The Difference between the Internet and the World Wide Web213

Reading Materials213

Chapter 15 Multimedia214

15.1 What Is Mulfimedia214

15.2 Elements of Multimedia214

15.2.1 Text214

15.2.2 Audio214

15.2.3 Graphics Images215

15.2.4 Animation215

15.3 Multimedia Equipment216

15.2.5 Full-motion Video216

15.4 Multimedia Application217

New Words and Phrases218

Computer Terms219

Grammar状语从句的翻译219

Exercises220

Reference Translation221

Reading Materials224

Virtual Reality224

16.1.1 Operator Error226

Chapter 16 Data Security226

16.1 What Can Go Wrong?226

16.1.2 Power Failures,Spikes and Surges227

16.1.3 Hardware Failure227

16.2 Viruses and Other Pesky Stuff228

16.2.1 Computer Viruses228

16.2.2 Categories of Computer Viruses228

16.2.3 How You Get Infected229

16.3 Protecting Yourself229

New Words and Phrases230

Grammar长句的翻译231

Computer Terms231

Exercises232

Reference Translation233

Reading Materials237

Using Antivirus Software237

Chapter 17 Electronic Commerce238

17.1 Historical Development of E-Commerce238

17.2 Making Money on the Web239

17.3 What Is B2B E-Commerce?241

New Words and Phrases242

17.4 Acceptance of E-Commerce242

Computer Terms243

Grammar强调句翻译243

Exercises244

Reference Translation245

Reading Materials249

Why a Web Site Is Essential249

Chapter 18 Computer Graphics250

18.1 What Is Computer Graphics?250

18.2.1 Bitmap Graphics251

18.2 Representing Graphics251

18.2.2 Vector Graphics252

18.3 Organization of Graphics System252

18.3.1 The Processor252

18.3.2 Memory252

18.3.3 Input Device252

18.3.4 Output Device253

18.4 Graphics Software253

18.5.4 User Interfaces254

18.5.3 Simulation254

18.5.2 Design254

18.5.1 Display of Information254

18.5 Applications of Computer Graphics254

New Words and Phrases255

Computer Terms255

Grammar专业英语中常用的符号和数学表达式256

Exercises257

Reference Translation258

Reading Materials262

Powerful OpenGL262

参考文献262